Dr Khalid W. A. Shomali

AI systems can achieve impressive accuracy, yet remain vulnerable to real-world failures caused by biased data, distribution shifts, adversarial attacks, and model weaknesses. Building trustworthy AI requires rigorous testing, reliability assessment, and continuous monitoring

Rural–urban health gaps in Europe reflect unequal access and system design. Rural populations face worse outcomes, especially in emergencies, due to distance, limited services, and socioeconomic factors.

Child malnutrition in Nigeria is widespread and closely linked to persistent poverty. Stunting and undernutrition affect millions of children, contributing to high mortality and long-term losses in human capital. Low socioeconomic status limits access to food, healthcare, and maternal nutrition. Despite many poverty programs, weak governance and poor implementation have hindered progress, requiring evidence-based, multi-sector policies.